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8 min read
Updated on Jan 10, 2024
As the name suggests, the Fixed Deposit or FD Premature Withdrawal Penalty Calculator is basically used to evaluate the penalty that is imposed on an FD investor if the person withdraws the FD account prematurely.
Although, when it comes to safe investment options, FDs are termed as among the most shielded ones available at very low risk and offering guaranteed returns to the investor. However, premature withdrawal of an FD may get you into paying a penalty. So, let us learn about the FD Premature Withdrawal Penalty Calculator and how to calculate FD interest, in this post. But before that let us understand the term premature withdrawal of FD.
If an FD account holder plans to withdraw the account prematurely, the withdrawal of the investment before completing maturity is called FD premature withdrawal or breaking the FD.
Banks and financial institutions offering FDs allow investors to get premature withdrawal facility. Hence, you can easily withdraw FDs when you need money. However, you must remember that doing so would levy a penalty on the interest amount ranging between 0.5% and 1%.
Now, since the penalty on FD premature withdrawal is imposed on the FD interest amount, it is subtracted from the booked interest to keep the rate of interest low. This lowered rate of interest is then used to calculate the final maturity amount of the FD and it is calculated in terms of simple interest or compound interest.
Thus, the investor can gain interest on the amount invested based on simple interest. Simple interest is calculated as SI = PTR/100.
Here,
But, in case of compound interest, the investor avails interest on the primary amount of the FD as well as the accrued interest.
In case of FD premature withdrawal penalty, the amount is calculated based on compound interest. The formula for the same is;
A=P (1+r/n) *n*t
Here,
Here are some advantages of the FD premature withdrawal penalty calculator:
The FD premature withdrawal penalty calculator helps in numerous ways:
Thus, by using the calculator, it becomes easy for the depositor to evaluate the penalty amount for a premature withdrawal of fixed deposit. This way, they come to know about the exact penalty that is levied and also know the interest that is lowered. Hence, they can check for the disadvantages (in case any) of withdrawing FD prematurely.
Further, the calculator also helps the investor to analyse the returns to be received at the time of withdrawal. They can also get to know the amount of loss they are about to incur due to the penalty. If the loss they are about to incur due to premature withdrawal is too much, they may keep their FD withdrawal plans on hold.
The calculator is used to evaluate the penalty amount imposed on the investor for premature closure of FD. We already know that the penalty that is levied on the investor is actually imposed on the interest earned on the FD. Hence, the calculator can be used to compare the penalty levied by different banks to help the investor understand the scenario better.
Now, despite the penalty if an investor goes ahead with withdrawing the amount prematurely, the interest rate of the FD is reduced from the rate at which the FD was started or the booked interest rate. However, the bank will not pay any interest to the investor if they prematurely withdraw the money before the minimum period stated under the terms and conditions of the bank.
As far as the bank is concerned, they calculate the withdrawal penalty in two different ways. Let’s check the two ways below, assuming that the penalty or fixed deposit breaking charges levied by the bank is 1%.
Assume that the FD amount is INR 1 lakh, rate of interest is 7% and the tenure of FD is 2 years. 6.5% is the supposed interest rate for 1 year here. Now, the investor withdraws the FD after completion of 1 year. In this case, even if the person has earned an interest rate of 7%, the bank will redo the interest calculation at revised rates with a 1% penalty to be deducted. So, the new rates will be 6.5% – 1% = 5.5%. Thus, rather than 7%, the investor will be paid the interest at 5.5%.
Parameters |
Details |
Principle Amount |
INR 1 lakh |
Booked rate of interest for 2 years |
7% /annum |
Maturity amount after completing 1 year |
INR 1,07, 186 |
One year interest rate |
6.5%/annum |
Effective interest rate |
6.5%/annum |
Penalty charge |
1% |
Final interest rate |
5.5% |
Amount received at the time of premature withdrawal |
INR 1,05,614 |
Assume that the FD amount is INR 1 lakh, rate of interest is 6% and the tenure of FD is 2 years. 7% is the supposed interest rate for 1 year here and penalty levied is 1%. Now, the effective rate of interest is the reduced rate at which the amount was booked or the rate for which the FD was active in the bank.
Now, if the investor withdraws the FD after completion of 1 year. In this case, even if the person has earned an interest rate of 6%, the bank will redo the interest calculation at revised rates with a 1% penalty to be deducted. So, the new rates will be 6% – 1% = 5%. Thus, rather than 6%, the investor will be paid the interest at 5%.
Parameters |
Details |
Principle Amount |
INR 1 lakh |
Booked rate of interest for 2 years |
6% /annum |
Maturity amount after completing 1 year |
INR 1,06, 136 |
One year interest rate |
7%/annum |
Effective interest rate |
6%/annum |
Penalty charge |
1% |
Final interest rate |
5% |
Amount received at the time of premature withdrawal |
INR 1,05,095 |
Almost all banks impose penalty charges for withdrawing Fixed Deposits (FDs) prematurely. An investor must have complete information about the procedure and penalty charges levied by banks for withdrawing FD prematurely. Being well-informed helps in planning finances and avoiding penalty expenses.
Let’s take an example to understand the situation better;
Lata is a working woman who lives with her husband and 12-year-old daughter. She has been working for a long time and has managed to save a decent amount of INR 10 lakh in her 15 years of working career. She invests the amount in an FD for three years at an annual interest rate of 7.5%. However, destiny had other plans. Just after a year of investing the money, Lata had an urgent need to withdraw the amount.
Now, at the time of investment, Lata received an interest rate of 7% for the one-year term and earned an ROI of 7.5% for the initial year. However, now that she is withdrawing the FD prematurely, the bank has decided to levy a penalty on the FD and recalculate the ROI as 7% – 1% = 6% per year. Hence, Lata will earn a lower payout of the FD interest. Do note that the penalty is levied only on the interest earned. However, there will be no penalty on the principal amount, which you will receive as it is.
Amount invested | INR 10 lakh |
FD ROI for 3 years at the time of investment | 7.5% p.a |
The effective yearly interest rate of FD for 3 years | 7.71% p.a |
1-year maturity amount | INR 10, 77, 136 |
1 year FD ROI while opening the FD account | 7% p.a |
Premature FD withdrawal penalty | 1% |
Final ROI applicable | 6% 7 % – 1%) |
The effective yearly interest rate applicable | 6.14% p.a |
Premature withdrawal amount | INR 10,61,264 |
There are two methods to close an FD prematurely – online method and offline method
For the offline withdrawal method, you simply need to visit the nearest branch of your bank. Collect the premature FD withdrawal form from the helpdesk. Complete the required paperwork and hand over the FD receipt given by the bank at the time of obtaining the FD. The bank will deduct the penalty amount from the interest earned and deposit the remaining amount in your account.
You can make your FD withdrawal online only if you have deposited the amount online. This is a rule followed by some banks. However, all banks may not follow the same. To avail of the online option to withdraw FD prematurely, you must enable your net banking facility.
The most common reason for people to break an FD is due to a lack of funds to fulfill an urgent or important monetary need. However, an investor is expected to incur losses by withdrawing FD since they are required to pay penalties. Hence, using an alternative like getting a credit card against FD is better than withdrawing FD prematurely to manage a crisis. Credit cards against FDs are available with a credit limit of up to 80% of the principal FD amount. Get in touch with your bank helpdesk to discuss the same. The credit card will help enhance your credit score and at the same time
To Conclude
Penalty charges on FD for premature withdrawal can be done both online and offline. For online calculations, you just need to enter the required details in the FD calculator tool and you can see the penalty payable displayed by the calculator. However, it is up to your discretion whether to withdraw the FD prematurely or not depending on the loss and if you are ready to bear it.
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Though an investor may continue to keep the FD account active even after premature withdrawal, they, however, may not get the same interest rates.
Yes, there are differences in the penalty charges for normal customers and senior citizens and the calculator will estimate the penalty as per the different charges.
You can visit the official website of the bank to access the FD Premature Withdrawal Penalty calculator.
PayBima Team
PayBima is an Indian insurance aggregator on a mission to make insurance simple for people. PayBima is the Digital arm of the already established and trusted Mahindra Insurance Brokers Ltd., a reputed name in the insurance broking industry with 17 years of experience. PayBima promises you the easy-to-access online platform to buy insurance policies, and also extend their unrelented assistance with all your policy related queries and services.
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